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Vikas Swarup Questions and Answers Slumdog Millionaire Arbeitsmaterialien Struktur des Romans Biographien der Protagonisten Ram und Salim bungen Mediation Lese und Hörverstehen Analysematerialien zu The Food Chain The Beggar Mafia Global Tourism bungen zu Stilmitteln Verlag 20 STRUCTURE OF THE NOVEL 1 PROLOGUE Questions and Answers by Vikas Swarup serves as exposition introduction introduces setting time and place characters and action Content Ram s arrest because of winning a quiz show harassment and torture in police custody rescue due to laywer Smita 2 FRAME 1 000 rupees Ram and Smita watching the DVD footage of the quiz show Content 2 000 rupees 5 000 rupees 10 000 rupees 50 000 rupees 100 000 rupees 12 stories 12 13 questions 12 13 correct answers p.28 I want to listen to your memories Can you begin at the beginning You mean the year I was born No. From question number one. The chronological order of the novel is based on the 12 questions of the quiz show and the stories which explain why Ram knows the answers 200 000 rupees 500 000 rupees 1 000 000 rupees 10 000 000 rupees 100 000 000 rupees 1 000 000 000 rupees 3 EPILOGUE Explain this phrase by checking the ending of the novel. dreams have power only over your own mind but with money you can have power over the minds of others e.g. police frees crippled children quiz company bankruptcy Prem Kumar suicide murder Nita Ram s wife Salim career as actor Lajwanti release from prison dowry for her sister s marriage to top level officer STRUCTURE OF THE NOVEL Questions and Answers by Vikas Swarup 1 PROLOGUE serves as ................................................ introduces .................................................. Content Ram s arrest because of winning a quiz show harassment and torture in police custody rescue due to laywer Smita 2 FRAME 1 000 rupees Ram and Smita watching the DVD footage of the quiz show Content 2 000 rupees 5 000 rupees 10 000 rupees 50 000 rupees 100 000 rupees 12 stories 12 13 questions 12 13 correct answers p.28 I want to listen to your memories Can you begin at the beginning You mean the year I was born No. From question number one. The chronological order of the novel is based on ........................ .................................... 200 000 rupees 500 000 rupees 1 000 000 rupees 10 000 000 rupees 100 000 000 rupees 1 000 000 000 rupees 3 EPILOGUE Explain this phrase by checking the ending of the novel. dreams have power only over your own mind but with money you can have power over the minds of others e.g. police quiz company Prem Kumar Nita Salim Lajwanti Biography of Ram Mohammad Thomas born on 25th December ........................... in Delhi J.J. Hospital found by nuns in a bin for old clothes at the Church of St Mary named Baby in the orphanage run by the nuns of St Mary put up for adoption but rejected because of dark skin colour adopted by Philomena and Dominic Thomas cleaner and gardener for Father Timothy Francis at St. Joseph s Church adoptive mother runs off with Muslim tailor adoptive father hands him over to Father Timothy who named him Joseph Michael Thomas All Faith Committee insists on the new name Ram Mohammad Thomas comprising different Indian religions Ram as an Indian Everyman he is Thomas for Father Timothy and the Australian Taylor family Mohammad for his Muslim friend Salim Ram for the Hindu actress Neelima Kumari Ram Hindu god Mohammad prophet and founder of Islam Thomas one of the 12 Apostles but no name referring to the Sikh faith age 0 8 8 10 10 10 13 Father Timothy Ram s father mother master teacher priest p.49 Ram Father Timothy s servant son parasite pet p.52 happiest time in Ram s life raised among different ethnic and religious groups contact with Christian Muslim and Hindu faith Father John Little new priest objects to Ram idiot orphan boy watches horror movies is a homosexual and drug addict English backpacker Ian Father Timothy s son involved with Father John Father John kills Father Timothy and commits suicide Ram sent to Delhi Juvenile Home for Boys in Turkman Gate cramped noisy and dirty p.83 a transfer from heaven to hell p.85 abusive deputy warden Mr.Gupta TV films present a fantasy world p.85 Ram learns about other children s misery p.85 Ram assumes role as a leader due to his English language skills package deal buy one Salim get one free Ram p.95 Babu Pillai buys Salim and Thomas train journey to Mumbai to Babu Pillai s school for disabled children hope for a better life learning useful skills shock at seeing the handicapped children music lessons for Salim Ram Salim s guardian angel p.108 insists on escaping after overhearing Pillai s plan to blind the boys servant with Neelima Kumari for three years the former film star first living with Salim at the chawl Ghatkopar then as live in servant in Neelima s apartment after Neelima s suicide Ram work in a foundry sudden departure after assaulting Gudija s father 15 months in the employment of the Australian Defence Attach Colonel Taylor in Delhi learn cooking skills and mixing drinks after the Taylors return to Australia Ramu leaves Delhi with 52 000 rupees for Mumbai after losing all his money and killing the train robber Ramu arrives in Agra works successfully as an unlicensed tourist guide at the Taj Mahal lives in the tenement of Swapna Devi makes friends with Shankar Swapna Devi s 13 15 15 18 18 ENDING autistic son Lajwanti Swapna Devi s perfect maid Ram in hiding because he is afraid to be blamed for the deaths of the dacoit train robber Shantaram Gudija s father and Neelima Kumari he gives generous loans to his neighbours meets Nita in a brothel falls in love with her and dreams of marrying her needs 400 000 rupees to pay for Nita s release steals this amount of money from Swapna Devi s safe after witnessing Lajwanti s arrest for stealing necklace and Naimi s the poet s arrest for bank robbery Nita s brother demands more money 600 000 rupees for Nita in hospital after being beaten up Shankar and Bihari s son die from rabies so Ram gives the stolen 400 000 rupees to save the schoolteacher s son as the police do not find the money neither on Ram nor in his room Ram is not arrested decides to return to Mumbai to participate in Prem Kumar s quiz show Ram arrives in Mumbai but first avoids meeting his friend Salim who has become an actor and whose picture he sees on billboards in Mumbai Ram works as a bartender at Jimmy s Bar and Restaurant lives in the slum Dharavi in Mumbai Ram is finally accepted as a candidate on the quiz show wins the enormous sum of 1 000 000 000 rupees is arrested and release Ram does not get the full amount of money and must pay taxes makes the police free the children at Babu Pillai s house achieves Lajwanti s release from prison pays as alleged producer Mohammad Bhatt for Salim s films marries Nita owns a Mercedes Benz and a Ferrari Explain his motto luck comes from within p.316 in spite of all the adverse events Ram escaped from disaster and in the end even succeeded luck or fate cannot be planned or directed it somehow occurs Ram believed in his good luck and never despaired Check this map of India and draw Ram s itinerary. PLACES DELHI MUMBAI DELHI AGRA MUMBAI AGE 0 10 10 13 13 15 15 18 18 ps www.cia.gov library publications the world factbook maps maptemplate in.html WORKSHEET PLACES DELHI Check this map of India and draw Ram s itinerary. AGE ................. MUMBAI DELHI AGRA MUMBAI ................. ................. ................. ................. Ram Mohammad Thomas age 0 8 Father Timothy Ram s father mother master teacher priest p.49 Ram Father Timothy s servant son parasite pet p.52 happiest time in Ram s life raised among different ethnic and religious groups contact with Christian Muslim and Hindu faith Father John Little new priest objects to Ram idiot orphan boy watches horror movies is a homosexual and drug addict English backpacker Ian Father Timothy s son involved with Father John Father John kills Father Timothy and commits suicide Ram sent to Delhi Juvenile Home for Boys in Turkman Gate cramped noisy and dirty p.83 a transfer from heaven to hell p.85 abusive deputy warden Mr.Gupta TV films present a fantasy world p.85 Ram learns about other children s misery p.85 Ram assumes role as a leader due to his English language skills package deal buy one Salim get one free Ram p.95 Babu Pillai buys Salim and Thomas train journey to Mumbai to Babu Pillai s school for disabled children hope for a better life learning useful skills shock at seeing the handicapped children music lessons for Salim Ram Salim s guardian angel p.108 insists on escaping after overhearing Pillai s plan to blind the boys servant with Neelima Kumari for three years the former film star first living with Salim at the chawl Ghatkopar then as live in servant in Neelima s apartment after Neelima s suicide Ram work in a foundry sudden departure after assaulting Gudija s father 15 months in the employment of the Australian Defence Attach Colonel Taylor in Delhi learn cooking skills and mixing drinks after the Taylors return to Australia Ramu leaves Delhi with 52 000 rupees for Mumbai after losing all his money and killing the train robber Ramu arrives in Agra works successfully as an unlicensed tourist guide at the Taj Mahal lives in the tenement of Swapna Devi makes friends with Shankar Swapna Devi s autistic son Lajwanti Swapna Devi s perfect maid Ram in hiding because he is afraid to be blamed for the deaths of the dacoit train robber Shantaram Gudija s father and Neelima Kumari he gives generous loans to his neighbours meets Nita in a brothel falls in love with her and dreams of marrying her needs 400 000 rupees to pay for Nita s release steals this 8 10 10 10 13 13 15 15 18 18 ENDING amount of money from Swapna Devi s safe after witnessing Lajwanti s arrest for stealing necklace and Naimi s the poet s arrest for bank robbery Nita s brother demands more money 600 000 rupees for Nita in hospital after being beaten up Shankar and Bihari s son die from rabies so Ram gives the stolen 400 000 rupees to save the schoolteacher s son as the police do not find the money neither on Ram nor in his room Ram is not arrested decides to return to Mumbai to participate in Prem Kumar s quiz show Ram arrives in Mumbai but first avoids meeting his friend Salim who has become an actor and whose picture he sees on billboards in Mumbai Ram works as a bartender at Jimmy s Bar and Restaurant lives in the slum Dharavi in Mumbai Ram is finally accepted as a candidate on the quiz show wins the enormous sum of 1 000 000 000 rupees is arrested and release Ram does not get the full amount of money and must pay taxes makes the police free the children at Babu Pillai s house achieves Lajwanti s release from prison pays as alleged producer Mohammad Bhatt for Salim s films marries Nita owns a Mercedes Benz and a Ferrari D 2 Salim s biography Explain Ram s words Salim is everything that I am not p.86 Salim s outward appearance light skinned cherubic face curly black hair Salim s origin poor family in a village in Bihar father labourer mother housewife Muslim family in a predominantly Hindu community his family and elder brother killed by Hindu mob who took revenge on the desecration of a Hindu temple escapes by train and arrives in Delhi is sent to the Juvenile Home Ram introduces himself as Mohammad since Salim hates Hindus both boys become close friends Ram saves Salim when Gopta tries to sexually abuse the small boy selected by Babu Pillai 0 7 7 8 8 8 16 life with his family in Bihar Juvenile Home in Delhi dream of becoming an actor after astrologist s prediction Mumbai Babu Pillai s school for handicapped children music lessons Salim as an especially gifted pupil reluctant escape with Ram living with Ram in the chawl Ghatkopar working as a dabbawallah tiffin box carrier a customer Mukesh Rawal introduces him to Pappu Master who owns a casting agency Salim is saved by Ahmed Khan from a Hindu mob is employed as his livein servant discovers his employer is a contract killer and involved in illegal betting warns Abbas Rizvi a famous film producer about the contract killing on him changed the killing orders and thus has Babu Pilai killed Rizvi escapes to Dubai for one year but pays for Salim s course at an expensive acting school Salim plays tiny roles as a junior artist Rizvi promised Salim a leading role as soon as he turns 18 Salim lands role of a 17 year old college hero in a comedy film produced by Mohammad Bhatt Ram 17 MEDIATION DABBAHWALLAHS 1 On pages 68 and 69 the narrator Ram describes Salim s job as a dabbawallah in Mumbai. What mistakes does Salim not dare to commit Suggest reasons. delivering the wrong tiffin with a forbidden type of food e.g. beef to a Hindu pork to a Muslim garlic and onions to a Jain vegetarian reason different faiths and different restrictions on the consumption of food 2 You found this German article on the Internet which explains Salim s job as a dabbawallah a tiffin delivery boy. Your English friend cannot read German so you help. http www.artikelmagazin.de lifestyle essen und trinken dabbawalla die kunst der logistikessensausfahrer in mumbai.html Compare the description of Salim s work and the information in the German article. Salim tiffin delivery boy hardly any spare time getting up at 7.00 a.m clothes loose white shirt cotton pyjamas white Nehru cap as badge of identification 2 hours collecting home cooked meals in lunch boxes from 25 flats taking lunch boxes to local train station where the colour coded boxes are sorted and delivered all over Mumbai both to white and blue collar workers receiving lunch boxes by train and delivering them in the area dabbawallahs article describes unique logistic achievement of 5000 delivery men in Mumbai Mumbai multicultural and multireligious city. food restrictions for different ethnic groups means of transport bike train on foot to deliver 200.000 meals per day at lunchtime containers called dabbas are collected from homes and delivered 4 hours later to members of the family only 1 in 16 million containers gets lost or is delivered to the wrong addressee astonishing for experts according to Forbes Magazine best system of logistics result of colour coding and perfect workflow some of the dabbawallahs are illiterate collecting and handing over containers delivery after 4 hours only break at lunchtime in a 14 hour day after that the process is reversed and the containers are returned amazing precision and efficiency in the traffic chaos of Mumbai with its 20 million inhabitants ILLUSTRATION photos http carolyntravels.files.wordpress.com 2011 04 india jan 2008 7 1201.jpg http i1.trekearth.com photos 103300 dabbawallah 3 men cart.jpg http media.nowpublic.net images 36 9 36972b322226e14478959b6b0776fe67.jpg LISTENING COMPREHENSION Watch the dabbawallahs at work. Answer these questions http www.youtube.com watch v fTkGDXRnR9I feature player embedded Why is the dabbawallahs work an important part of life lunch taken to offices schools different castes different rules how to prepare food How many dabbas lunch boxes or tiffins are delivered every day 200 000 What feature of their work interested Prince Charles and Richard Branson 5 th richest person in Britain high efficiency What is the purpose of the dabba lunch box or tiffin contains lunch for hsusband children What is their error rate in delivering the lunch boxes 1 1 000 000 What do you learn about the dabbawallahs reading skills and use of technology some of them are illiterate no technology What means of transport do they use cart bicycle local train How do they dabbawallahs identify the lunch boxes colour code The hierarchy in the organization is flat with only 3 levels governing body supervisors dabbawallahs What do you learn about the earnings equal shareholders in company equal share of earnings Can everybody apply for the job as a dabbawallah NO one sect caste Malva caste replacement from villages You can get their service for 10 a month. What new technologies do they use now too SMS Internet six sigma status A quality control program developed in 1986 by Motorola six sigma status means a failure rate of no more than 3.4 per million WORKSHEET LISTENING COMPREHENSION Watch the dabbawallahs at work. Answer these questions http www.youtube.com watch v fTkGDXRnR9I feature player embedded QUESTIONS Why is the dabbawallahs work an important part of life How many dabbas lunch boxes or tiffins are delivered every day What feature of their work interested Prince Charles and Richard Branson 5 th richest person in Britain What is the purpose of the dabba lunch box or tiffin What is their error rate in delivering the lunch boxes What do you learn about the dabbawallahs reading skills and use of technology What means of transport do they use How do they dabbawallahs identify the lunch boxes The hierarchy in the organization is ........ with only ........... levels What do you learn about the earnings Can everybody apply for the job as a dabbawallah You can get their service for ............... a month. What new technologies do they use now too six sigma status A quality control program developed in 1986 by Motorola six sigma status means a failure rate of no more than 3.4 per million The Food Chain DEFINTION each animal consumes a lower member and in turn is preyed upon by a higher member . SOCIAL HIERARCHY MR. MIKHAILOV owner of NewAge Telemedia HOME MINISTER COMMISSIONER INSPECTOR GODBOLE RAM MOHAMMAD THOMAS corruption media business politician 10 of money promise of promotion victim on lowest level in collusion 1 What type of food chain does the Prologue present Suggest other terms. corruption permeates society influence by giving and taking bribes injustice perversion of law and order victim status if you are unable to bribe 2 Explain Ram s food chain. What do you find surprising RAM S FOOD CHAIN police big business houses dons powerful mafia leaders extortionists loan sharks petty criminals e.g. pickpockets street boys 3 Explain Ram s idea of the police force I came to fear the police. They were the ones responsible for sending most boys to the Juvenile Home. Boys caught stealing bread from a roadside stall or hawking black market tickets at a theatre and unable to bribe the constable. Or most often framed simply because the inspector didn t like their faces. p.85 corrupt arbitrary measures not trustworthy ignoring laws comment law representatives police at the top of corrupt system respected citizens more corrupt than criminals perversion of law exploitation small criminals at the lower levels than respected citizens complete perversion of law and order .....literature is as far from the minds of the residents of Dharavi as honesty is from the police. p.298 SIMILE to illustrate the poverty of slum dwellers their preoccupation with mere subsistence perversion of honesty law representatives ignore it completely CARTOON http 1.bp.blogspot.com TlX8EZcNmlk SZ01yRSwrwI AAAAAAAAAgo 216fxXjQkMQ s400 theft and bribe.jpg Here you found a cartoon about corruption and the role of the police 4 Analyse the cartoon and explain its message. Does it confirm Ram s dislike and fear of the police DESCRIPTION level 1 policeman running after a masked robber who carries two bags level 2 robber drops one of his bags level 3 robber escapes policeman turns round gives up the chase and leaves with the bag ANALYSIS police in collusion with criminals taking bribes ignoring law CRITICISM of police corruption in India WORKSHEET The Food Chain DEFINTION each animal consumes a lower member and in turn is preyed upon by a higher member . SOCIAL HIERARCHY MR. MIKHAILOV owner of NewAge Telemedia HOME MINISTER COMMISSIONER INSPECTOR GODBOLE RAM MOHAMMAD THOMAS 1 What type of food chain does the Prologue present Suggest other terms. 2 Explain Ram s food chain. What do you find surprising corruption RAM S FOOD CHAIN police big business houses dons powerful mafia leaders extortionists loan sharks petty criminals e.g. pickpockets street boys 3 Explain Ram s idea of the police force comment I came to fear the police. They were the ones responsible for sending most boys to the Juvenile Home. Boys caught stealing bread from a roadside stall or hawking black market tickets at a theatre and unable to bribe the constable. Or most often framed simply because the inspector didn t like their faces. p.85 ..... literature is as far from the minds of the residents of Dharavi as honesty is from the police. p.298 CARTOON http 1.bp.blogspot.com TlX8EZcNmlk SZ01yRSwrwI AAAAAAAAAgo 216fxXjQkMQ s400 theft and bribe.jpg Here you found a cartoon about corruption and the role of the police 4 Analyse the cartoon and explain its message. Does it confirm Ram s dislike and fear of the police Prologue READING COMPREHENSION Where does the narrator live How do the residents react to frequent arrests pp.11 Dharavi a slum arrests occur daily some arrested people fight others remain passive or feel relieved that the arrest occurs as expected What attitude do the slum dwellers have about social improvement p.12 slum dwellers are not entitled to improve their situation and cross the dividing line separating the rich from the poor any attempt to improve themselves will be punished How do people learn about the narrator s success at the quiz show p. 12 since the show has not yet been broadcast there are rumours about the big win word seeped out What information do you get about Neil Johnson pp.14 representative of the media company NewAge white American pink nose green veins on forehead deep blue eyes Why is the producer of the quiz show Billy Nanda certain the narrator cannot understand English p.15 Nanda assumes an uneducated waiter in a cheap restaurant lacks English language skills Why did the Commissioner arrive at the police station p.15 cf. Home Minister and Mr Mikhailov Commissionar arrives on behalf of the Home Minister an old friend of Mr. Mikhailov the owner of the media company What type of actor is Prem Kumar Why did he become the quiz master on W3B p.16 a B grade actor an unsuccessful and not very gifted actor he owns 29 of the Indian division of the media company Why do people not know about the narrator winning the biggest jackpot in history p.16 quiz shows has not been broadcast yet Why must Inspector Godbole leave and why can the narrator stay p.16 Godbole on a lower level need not know about the financial difficulties of the media company insiders Commissioner representative of Home minister and the two representatives of the media company Ram is ignored because he is supposed to lack English language skills What is the problem according to Johnson p.17 high prize set to attract attention winner expected after eight months prize meant to be paid from the revenues of the successful show winner in first shows cannot be paid as there are no revenues What does the second quiz by Billy Nanda reveal about the narrator p.18 narrator is uneducated and cannot answer simple questions such as French currency first man on moon the location of the pyramids or the current American president What does the Commissioner demand if he proves that and how the narrator cheated p.20 If he proves that Ram cheated and how he did it he expects some recompense bribe. He represents the law What incentive does the Commissioner offer to Inspector Godbole p.21 offer of promotion What does the narrator realize after being tortured p.23 if you resist the police you will always lose Why does Godbole yelp in pain p.24 he feels nervous and upset and accidentally touches the live wire Why can the lawyer remove the narrator from police custody p.24 lawyer cites articles of the Indian Penal Code and demands the papers on an arrest according to the law What happens to the narrator before Godbole returns he faints because of pain hunger happiness ANALYSIS 1 Analyse the opening phrases I have been arrested. For winning a quiz show. p.11 paradox statement winning a quiz show is not an offense 2 Explain the phrase when you live on the brink of penury in an urban wasteland where you jostle for every inch of space and have to queue even for a shit arrest has a certain inevitability about it. p.12 arrest cannot be avoided if you live on the lowest level of the social hierarchy poverty slum dwellings crowded spaces and unhygienic circumstances mark a person and turn him into a victim of police harassment 3 Explain the phrase ..what the elders in Dharavi say about never crossing the dividing line that separates the rich from the poor. ... The brain is not an organ we are authorized to use. We are supposed to use only our hands and legs. rigid social hierarchy the poor destined to do menial work any interests in intellectual activities are not allowed since they may upset the hierarchy 4 Point out the stylistic device in Godbole is not in a good mood today. He is bothered by these flies. He is bothered by the heat...Most of all he is bothered by my name. Ram Mohammad Thomas . p.13 anaphora he is bothered anti climax feeling bothered by flies and the heat is an unpleasant experience a name being more obnoxious than flies and heat comes as a surprise 5 Analyse the stylistic device in Godbole presents me to the white man like a ringmaster introducing his pet lion. p.14 and in as though I am a new species of monkey p.14 simile Ram compared to a pet lion or a monkey animals kept for show not a human being 6 What does the narrator try to explain with the help of Albert Fernandes s story pp.26 his win on the quiz show is a matter pure luck he knew the answers to those questions due to lucky circumstances 7 Analyse the narrators reproach to Smita Like Godbole you wonder what I was doing on that quiz show. Like Godbole you believe I am only good for serving chicken fry and whisky in a restaurant. That I am meant to live life like a dog and die like an insect. p.27 reproach to Smita same prejudice as Godbole waiter too educated to appear on a quiz show only fit to carry out simple tasks life like a dog slum poverty dirt dejection ... death like an insect unimportant of no further interest ... 8 p.28 p.316 What does Smita mean by I am your witness. Just as you are mine. and I was your witness. Just as you were mine. same phrase p.28 present tense p.316 past tense Smita is Gudiya the girl from the chawl she can check part of Ram s stories WORKSHEET READING COMPREHENSION Read the Prologue and answer these questions Where does the narrator live How do the residents react to frequent arrests pp.11 What attitude do the slum dwellers have about social improvement p.12 How do people learn about the narrator s success at the quiz show p. 12 What information do you get about Neil Johnson pp.14 Why is the producer of the quiz show Billy Nanda certain the narrator cannot understand English p.15 Why did the Commissioner arrive at the police station p.15 cf. Home Minister and Mr Mikhailov What type of actor is Prem Kumar Why did he become the quiz master on W3B p.16 Why do people not know about the narrator winning the biggest jackpot in history p.16 Why must Inspector Godbole leave and why can the narrator stay p.16 What is the problem according to Johnson p.17 What does the second quiz by Billy Nanda reveal about the narrator p.18 What does the Commissioner demand if he proves that and how the narrator cheated p.20 What incentive does the Commissioner offer to Inspector Godbole p.21 What does the narrator realize after being tortured p.23 Why does Godbole yelp in pain p.24 Why can the lawyer remove the narrator from police custody p.24 What happens to the narrator before Godbole returns ANALYSIS 1 Analyse the opening phrases I have been arrested. For winning a quiz show. p.11 2 Explain the phrase when you live on the brink of penury in an urban wasteland where you jostle for every inch of space and have to queue even for a shit arrest has a certain inevitability about it. p.12 3 Explain the phrase ..what the elders in Dharavi say about never crossing the dividing line that separates the rich from the poor. ... The brain is not an organ we are authorized to use. We are supposed to use only our hands and legs. 4 Point out the stylistic device in Godbole is not in a good mood today. He is bothered by these flies. He is bothered by the heat...Most of all he is bothered by my name. Ram Mohammad Thomas . p.13 5 Analyse the stylistic device in Godbole presents me to the white man like a ringmaster introducing his pet lion. p.14 and in as though I am a new species of monkey p.14 6 What does the narrator try to explain with the help of Albert Fernandes s story pp.26 his win on the quiz show is due to pure luck 7 Analyse the narrators reproach to Smita Like Godbole you wonder what I was doing on that quiz show. Like Godbole you believe I am only good for serving chicken fry and whisky in a restaurant. That I am meant to live life like a dog and die like an insect. p.27 8 p.28 p.316 What does Smita mean by I am your witness. Just as you are mine. and I was your witness. Just as you were mine. THE BEGGAR MAFIA 1 Ram calls Babu Pillai s helpers Mustafa and Punnoose excellent salesmen p.96 Point out the truth behind their tales. Mustafa s version of Babu Pillai s school for crippled children p.96 Babu Pillai is a kind man runs a school for disabled children helps the children to rebuild their lives rescues them from juvenile homes without him children end up cleaning car windscreens at traffic lights or sweeping floors in private houses children are taught useful skills and groomed for success truth Babu Pillai exploits children a ruthless criminal keeps them imprisoned destroys children s lives buys them from juvenile homes cripples children to use them as beggars punishes and starves them if the children do not collect enough money skills such as singing are taught to improve begging skills skills taught to work as pickpockets 2 My belief in Maman is shattered but Salim continues to lay faith in the innate goodness of man. p.102 What character traits are revealed in their reactions to meeting the handicapped children Salim clings to the hope of improving his life and ignores the obvious facts he does not want to believe that Babu Pillai is a criminal exploiting children he believes learning to sing and dance is a step to his aim of becoming a film star Ram is more street wise he detects the hints barbed wire guards missing children crippled children he is wary and no longer trusts Babu Pillai 3 Point out the stylistic device in the phrase the jigsaw is piecing itself together in my brain p.107 l.22 . What does Ram realize at this point How does Salim react extended metaphor Ram eavesdrops and learns that they are meant to be blinded and after that sent to beg on trains different hints pieces of a jigsaw puzzle reveal the complete picture 4 Read the episode on the train pp.109. Analyse the structure of this scene. SETTING time place passengers activities 1st soft drink vendor local train at night reading newspapers playing typical scene on train cards criticizing the government fart anti climax Salim very thirsty passes Salim tempted to buy drinks tongue over his parched lips does not spend his chilled drinks moist surface stolen money Salim refuses to buy drinks passengers not interested in no reason to buy medicine his treatment for every ailment people sitting in their drawing PAUSE rooms watching TV eating typical scenes of family life dinner making beds Salem gives his hundred rupee having escaped the blind boy s note to the blind undernourished fate he donates his money boy boy seems to focus on Salem and Ram accusingly other passengers ignore the boy and do not give him money STRUCTURE 3 steps refusing drink in spite of being thirsty refusing medicine donating money for a song empathy with the blind boy EFFECT 2 preceding refusals make the gift more meaningful SCENE ON TRAIN illustrates everyday situation SCENES WATCHED FROM TRAIN pause everyday family scenes Salem and Ram without family help must fend for themselves donation of money portrayed more impressively Why do Ram and Salim donate the hundred rupee they found they pity the blind boy and are aware that they have escaped his fate 2nd old man selling treatment for ailment glimpses from train 3rd child beggar singing 5 READING COMPREHENSION Read the article from the British newspaper DAILY MAIL The Real Slumdog Millionaires written by Andrew Malone and published on 24th January 2009 http www.dailymail.co.uk news article 1127056 The real Slumdog Millionaires Behindcinema fantasy mafia gangs deliberately crippling children profit.html INTERNET complete article with photos excerpts from article in Vikas Warup Slumdog Millionaire KLETT pp.326 329 Why does Andrew Malone narrate Amir s story at the beginning of this article illustration more empathy for an individual victim than for abstract facts and figures AAMIR S STORY 1 What makes Aamir vulnerable when he arrives in Mumbai alone and afraid feeling lost in the large and terrifying city country boy 2 What is life like in the shanty towns in Mumbai airport where people in rags scavenge as giant jets thunder past just feet away. p.326 ll.14 overcrowded slums with 9 million inhabitants shacks built from rubbish on top of open sewers unhygienic environment and extreme povery risk their health and lives close to the runways at the airport ILLUSTRATION slums close to the runways at the airport http 1.bp.blogspot.com oUnbXRpJRD4 TUOywVTGyzI AAAAAAAAD1k UrSVkH7PC mg s1600 mumbai airport slums 20070402.jpg http www.theage.com.au ffximage 2008 03 21 PM mumbai wideweb 470x263 0.jpg http farm1.staticflickr.com 50 133967574 adf768e68a z.jpg zz 1 http cdn.lightgalleries.net 4bd5ebfbeea0e images Mumbai 1 2.jpg 3 Compare Aamir s vision of Mumbai and Ram s and Salim s notion of this metropolis with 20 million people. p.97 Mumbai dream world full of promises AMIR city of dreams Bollywood film stars and gold paved streets escaping a miserable life violent drunken father to make his fortune RAM and SALIM overwhelmed by Mumbai scenes familiar due to Bollywood films sparkling residences of film stars 4 What does Aamir escape from and what does he find in Mumbai escape from poor country life and an abusive father instead of finding a better life he is crippled one leg has been amputated for a life as a beggar 5 Where is Aamir at the moment in hiding after being rescued by a charity organization from the hospital even in the care of a charity organization he is at risk 6 The film dog Slumdog Millionaire draws attention to the crimes and victims of the beggar mafia Do you think the film may succeed more than informative articles more viewers empathy of the movie goers more colourful presentation less abstract than statistics 7 Why do critics call the film poverty porn p.328 l.5 portraying extreme poverty in colourful pictures is compared to pornography since it depicts extreme poverty in a sensational manner to arouse quick intense reactions such as shock pity outrage disgust or revulsion 8 Point out the facts Andrew Malone investigated. p.328 ll.20 . RESULT after a week long investigation crippled children amputation blinding them pouring acid on their bodies 300 000 child beggars among 1.2 billion people the worse the injuries the more money they make 10 a day millions survive on 1 a day 9 What did Indian journalists find out in the arms for alms scandal. p.329 ll.5 . Analyse the phrase arms for alms. Check pronunciation doctors agreed to amputation of healthy limbs of children for 100 arms for alms PUN homophones mz identical pronunciation of these two words puts emphasis on their equal value sacrificing a limb of a body in return for donations 10 How do Jita in the novel pp.104 and the children Andrew Malone met in the slum Dharavi try to cope with their misery JITA sniffing glue drugs to escape from misery pain and hunger entering a colourful dream world dreaming of a caring family seeing his mother occasionally in his drug induced dream RAM on the other hand sees the woman in the white sari allegedly his mother his dream turns into a nightmare so he avoids sniffing glue again CHILDREN in Andrew Malone s article like Jita taking drugs such as alcohol and solvents to escape miserable life 11 Why are the beggar children the lifeblood of the criminal world p.329 l.17 DEFINITION lifeblood blood regarded as essential for life. an indispensable or vital part beggar children and their work as essential part of the criminal system money gathering revenues for the beggar mafia distribution selling bootleg DVDs Raubkopien and drugs violence beating up rivals 12 What are the two faces of modern India p.329 l.26 Andrew Malone refers to. INDIA IT industry call centres thousands of outsourced British jobs modern economic super power nuclear power Indian CEOs in globalized companies INDIA Third World Country developing country poverty corruption backwardness 13 Discuss the choice of photos in the article by Andrew Malone. arousing empathy or revulsion evoking outrage or protests about appropriate pictures for a daily newspaper objective report or sensationalism and voyeurism TOPIC MEDIA DISCUSSION Is Slumdog Millionaire poverty porn Contrast the picturesque poverty with the real life poverty. MATERIAL Slumdog children of India fighting lonely battle to make 3.50 A DAY Heartbreaking images of six year olds barely surviving in the shadow of booming economy by Olivia Williams Daily Mail 8th February 2013 OPINIONS on Is Slumdog Millionaire poverty porn Comments by Anuya Gupta Akshay Mahajan Loveleen Tandan and Soumik Kar as well as readers comments and photos http observers.france24.com content 20090203 slumdog millionaire poverty porn dharavimumbai india The Real Roots of the Slumdog Protests by The Editors The New York Times 20th Fenruary 2009 http roomfordebate.blogs.nytimes.com 2009 02 20 the real roots of the slumdog protests Slumdog Millionaire Debate Poverty not Poverty Porn by Richard Chin Huffington Post 6th March 2009 http www.huffingtonpost.com richard chin slumdog millionaire debat b 172646.html NEWSPAPER COMMENT Some say it s poverty porn but not many by Ian Kack The Guardian 24th January 2009 http www.guardian.co.uk commentisfree 2009 jan 24 oscars india slumdog millionaire ianjack TASK Explain the main ideas of this comment to a German group whose basic English skills prevent them from understanding this comment. THE JUVENILE HOME 1 Analyse the description of Ram s transfer from heaven to hell p.85 . Consider the effect of the narrator s choice of words. When you have been plucked from a beautiful big bungalow with a lovely sunlit garden and dumped into a crumbling house where you are forced to live in a crowded dormitory with other kids I suppose you do acquire a somewhat jaundiced view of life. And it doesn t help if you actually have jaundice. p.83 jaundiced adjective figurative meaning eifersüchtig neidisch verbittert jaundice noun Gelbsucht stylistic devices heaven to hell beautiful big bungalow to be plucked to be dumped alliteration alliteration passive voice concrete verbs emphasis on two extremes emphasis illustrating the sudden movements of plucking removing abruptly and forcefully dumping dropping abruptly and carelessly house falling apart collapsing no private space crammed too many persons envious and hostile view disease aggravates this view crumbling house crowded dormitory jaundiced view jaundice illustrative term illustrative term figurative level literal level good and easy life at Father Timothy s house contrasts with the miserable life at the juvenile home choice of verbs illustrates the sudden and shocking transfer from heaven to hell two extremes 2 Analyse the description of the van which takes Ram to the Juvenile Home. They came in a blue van with wire meshed windows. Like the type they use to round up stray dogs. Except this one was for rounding up stray boys. p.83 SIMILE blue car with wire meshed windows transporting children and car used to catch stray dogs look the same effect stray dogs and homeless children are treated in the same way street children on the same level as stray dogs regarded as vermin 3 Comment on the implicit information in the narrator s comment If I had been younger they would probably have sent me to an adoption home and promptly put me up for sale. p.83 allusion to corruption at adoption agencies where babies are sold to adoptive parents 4 Analyse the detailed description of the Juvenile Home. The Juvenile home has a capacity of seventy five and a juvenile population of one hundred and fifty. It is cramped noisy and dirty. It has just two toilets with leaky washbasins and filthy latrines. Rats scurry through its hallways and kitchen. It has a classroom with ramshackle desks and a cracked blackboard. And the teachers who haven t taught in years. It has a sports ground where grass grows as tall as wickets1 and where if you are not careful you can graze yourself against stones the size of footballs. There is a sports instructor in crisp white cotton bush shirt and knife edge pressed trousers. He keeps cricket and badminton equipment in a nice glass case but never allows us to touch it. The mess hall is a large room with cheap flooring and long wooden tables. But the surly head cook sells the meat and chicken that is meant for us to restaurants and feeds us a daily diet of vegetables stew and thick black chapattis2. He picks his nose constantly and scolds anyone who asks for more. pp.83 1 wicket target in cricket capacity of 75 2 bread made from wheat flour water and salt Fladenbrot conclusion of completely overcrowded matter of fact tone population of 150 cramped noisy and dirty 2 toilets for 150 children leaky washbasins and filthy latrines rats in hallways and kitchen teachers not teaching sports ground grass as tall as wickets stones the size of a football sports instructor in crisp white shirt and pressed trousers sports equipment in a glass case cook sells food to restaurant serves cheap food picking nose refusing second helpings facts and figures enumeration descriptive details paradox paradox description paradox description matter of fact description home is left to the reader substandard environment unsanitary conditions employed teachers do not fulfil their tasks details prove the sports ground cannot be used unsuitable clothes for the sportsground equipment not used treated like objects in a museum corruption at the expense of the children insufficient nourishment lack of hygiene Description of juvenile homes reveals the children misery caused by corrupt and irresponsible employees. Matter of fact description leaves protest and outrage to the reader. 5 Comment on the fantasy world the films on TV presents to the orphans. Point out stylistic devices. These films are about a fantasy world. A world in which kids have mothers and fathers and birthdays. A world in which they live in huge houses drive in huge cars and get huge presents. We saw this fantasy world but we never got carried away by it. p.85 Description of fantasy world contains elements of everyday life you take for granted such as children growing up in families and celebrating birthdays. polysyndeton mothers and fathers and birthdays emphasizes list Even materialistic possessions such as huge houses huge cars and huge presents are simply status symbols of a better life but for the orphans they mean unusual objects in a fantasy world out of their reach Stylistic devices anaphora a world in which 2x creates emphasis repetition of the adjective huge 3x the objects decrease in size house car present The orphans view of family life and possessions as a fantasy world reveals to what extent such a life seems unattainable for them. 6 What outlook on life does this institution provide for the children The most we could aspire to was to become one of those who held power over us. So whenever the teacher asked us What do you want to become when you grow up no one said pilot or prime minister or banker or actor. We said cook or cleaner or sports teacher or at the very best warden. The Juvenile Home diminished us in our own eyes. p.85 Yes Salim what do you want to become I will become a famous actor Masterji. An astrologer has told me he says triumphantly. The class squeals with laughter. The institutions destroys the children s hopes and ambition to better themselves or try to fulfil their dreams. The only jobs open to them are cook cleaner sports teacher or warden. The children are limited to the jobs of people they see at the institution. When Salim describes his dream of becoming an actor and cites the prophesy of an astrologer he faces the derision of his peers. They do not question why their prospects are diminished on the contrary they confirm their low self esteem by ridiculing any attempt to improve themselves. 7 Comment on the teacher s behaviour in the classroom. pp.92 disgusting manners in the classroom burping picking nose no role model lack of interest and commitment reading novel hidden in textbook pretending to teach when the warden checks the classroom contempt for the children in his care laziness and indifference Chances for a better life are destroyed because the orphans do not receive any education at this institution they will increase the number of illiterate and unskilled workers 8 Point out the advantages of Ram s English language skills. p.86 Due to English language skills mastering the magic language Ram assumes the role as a leader among the boys and earns him privileges at the institution head warden asks about his well being futile inquiry considering the environment sports teachers allows him to play cricket only temporary permission later complete ban of cricket cook offers second helpings small gesture cf. insufficient food supplies selling children s food supplies no sexual abuse by Gupta the deputy warden not among the crime victims immediate medical care by doctor his isolation protects other children from Ram in isolation ward infection serves the institution by preventing the disease from spreading Living in a chawl ILLUSTRATION chawls http farm1.static.flickr.com 18 88209853 3ea70e6d1d.jpg DEFINITION Building often with 4 to 5 stories with about 10 to 20 tenements flats a tenement consists of one room living and sleeping space and a kitchen families share a common block of latrines little privacy 1 Analyse the decription of the chawl Ghatkopar where Ram and Salim live 1 A bundle of one room tenements occupied by the lower middle classes chawls are the smelly armpit of Mumbai. Those who live here are only marginally better off than those who live in slums like Dharavi. As Mr Barve told me once the rich people those who live in their marble and granite four bedroom flats they enjoy. The slum people who live in the squalid tattered huts they suffer. And we who reside in the overcrowded chawls we simply live. Living in a chawl does have certain advantages. What happened to Neelima Kumari1 would never happen here because in a chawl everyone knows everything that is going on. All the residents have a common roof over their heads and a common place where they shit and bathe. The residents of a chawl may not meet each other for social occasions but they have to meet while standing in a queue outside the common lavatories. In fact it is rumoured that Mr. Gokhale met Mrs. Gokhale while waiting outside the latrine and fell in love. They got married within a month. pp.65 metaphor parallelism emphasizes smelly and unhygienic environment similar syntax contrast with the 5 10 chawls are the smelly armpit of Mumbai rich people.... enjoy slum people .... suffer people in chawls .....live live in marble and granite flats live in squalid tattered hut reside in overcrowded chawls advantages of life in a chawl common roof common place to shit and bathe meeting for social occasions contrasted with meeting in a queue in front of common lavatories falling in love in front of latrine euphemism sarcasm repetition of common sarcasm portrayal of different social lives only the rich have a good life enjoying comfort and benefits of life whereas the others either suffer or just manage to survive formal verb to reside is more appropriate for luxury flats than chawls ironic overtone deaths cannot go undetected because there is no privacy Kumari s dead body was only found a month after her suicide positive idea of sharing in contrast with negative fact of sharing bathroom and toilet places where you expect more privacy small talk and gossip at parties where the rich meet contrasted with the unavoidable encounters in front of the toilets romantic feelings while waiting in front of toilet incongruous context emphasis on complete lack of privacy problem of human dignity 2 Comment on words of Mr. Ramakrishna the administrator of the chawl. Does this passage contain an implicit reproach against indifference to suffering To what extent might the passage work as an implicit reproach ...I know the daily stories of wife beating and abuse and incest and rape which take place in chawls all over Mumbai. Yet no one does anything. We Indians have this sublime ability to see the pain and misery around us and yet remain unaffected by it. So like a proper Mumbaikar close your eyes close your ears close your mouth and you will be happy like me. pp.77 enumeration polysyndeton emphasis on list of violence and sexual abuse short and matter of fact sentence Yet no one does anything contrast with preceding list of domestic problems ironic remark sublime ability positive term for a negative attitude implicit reproach of Indians indifference to human suffering their aloofness and complete lack of empathy even when they face pain and misery directly anaphora close parallelism 3 commands allusion to three wise monkeys illustrate the deliberate act of ignoring misery in order to be happy and enjoy life sarcastic overtone 3 Read this short information on Hinduism. The caste system is important to the belief in samsara or reincarnation. Death is not the end of existence in Hindu thought but leads to a rebirth in one s next life. Karma or cause and effect determines what will happen in the next life. If a person does bad he or she may be reborn as a lower caste member or even a lower creature. If they do good they will be reborn as a higher caste member or creature. The goal in Hinduism is to escape this cycle of rebirth. To what extent might religious beliefs be responsible for this indifference to human suffering human suffering not regarded as a social problem not society s responsibility to address pain and misery misery seen as the just punishment for a bad person in his her former life members of the lower castes place their hope in the next life Living in Dharavi Analyse Ram s description of Dharavi where he lives. Focus on the passages underlined. 1 I live in a corner of Mumbai called Dhravi in a cramped hundred square foot shack 9 3m2 which has no natural light or ventilation with a corrugated metal sheet serving as the roof over my head. It vibrates violently whenever a train passes overhead. There is no running water and no sanitation. Tis is all I can afford. But I am not alone in Dharavi. There are a million people like me packed in a two hundred hectare 2 km2 1 triangle of swampy urban wasteland where we live like animals and die like insects. Destitute migrants from all over the country jostle with each other for their own handful of sky in Asia s biggest slum. There are daily squabbles over inches of space over a bucket of water which at times turn deadly. Dharavi s residents come from the dusty backwaters of Bihar and UP Uttar Pradesh and Tamil Nadu and Gujarat. They came to Mumbai the city of gold with dreams in their hearts of striking it rich and living uppermiddle class lives. But that gold turned to lead a long time ago leaving behind rusted hearts and gangrenous minds. Like my own. Dharavi is not a place to be squeamish. Delhi s Juvenile Home diminished us but Dharavi s grim landscape of urban squalor deadens and debases us. Its open drains teem with mosquitoes. Its stinking excrement lined communal latrines are full of rats which make you think less about the smell and more about protecting your backside. Mounds of filthy garbage lie on every corner from which rag pickers still manage to find something useful. And at times you have to suck in your breath to squeeze through its narrow claustrophobic alleys. But for the starving residents of Dharavi this is home. Amidst the modern skyscrapers and neon lit shopping complexes of Mumbai Dharavi sits like a cancerous lump in the heart of the city. And the city refuses to recognize it. So it has outlawed it. All the houses in Dharavi are illegal construction liable to be demolished at any time. But when the residents are struggling simply to survive they don t care. So they live in illegal houses and use illegal electricity drink illegal water and watch illegal cable TV. They work in Dharavi s numerous illegal factories and illegal shops and even travel illegally without a ticket on the local trains which pass directly through the colony. The city may have chosen to ignore the ugly growth of Dharavi but a cancer cannot be stopped simply by being declared illegal. It still kills with its slow poison. 5 10 15 20 25 1 Check the figure for your home town matter of fact description alliteration sarcasm contrast small and large size contrast simile metaphor metaphor alliteration description of substandard housing outrage left to the reader fricative sound onomatopoeic effect illustrates the enormous problem of the slums illustrates the enormous problem of the slums life and death slum dweller not respected as human beings in death even less important than in life city of riches luxury success dream of a better life was not fulfilled hopes turned into misery lead worthless metal in comparison to gold in alchemy the lowliest of metals cf Merchant of Venice gold silver and lead caskets extended metal imagery rust as destroying factor of iron. emotional centre harmed by failure image of festering wound decay causing death failure affects reasoning leaving behind helpless anger effect of harmful experiences in juvenile home and slum described by verbs starting with the same letter home reducing self esteem slum killing individual human being society ignoring a human being s dignity shocking features of slum environment instead of disgust home to residents simile home and shelter to the poor comparison to a tumour in the heart the very centre of the city the tumour might easily spread to the wealthy glittering centre a dangerous disease cannot be stopped by laws it needs a cure without remedies the disease will kill the body the unsolved problems of the slums will harm society as a whole emphasis on ignoring the obvious emphasis on continuing struggle process of rendering illegal exemplified. slum dwellers daily activities are illegal shack no natural light no ventilation under railway line no running water no sanitation vibrates violently tiny shack not alone but among 1 million people shack 9 3 m2 slum 2 km2 we live like animals and we die like insects Mumbai the city of gold gold turned to lead a long time ago rusted hearts gangrenous mind diminished ... deadens... debased metaphor metaphor alliteration drains teeming with mosquitoes excrement line latrines rats and stinking smell rag pickers finding something useful in garbage claustrophobic alleys home to starving residents like a cancerous lump in the heart of the city but a cancer cannot be stopped simply by being declared illegal ... It still kills with its slow poison refuses to recognize struggling simply to survive to outlaw live in illegal houses use illegal electricity drink illegal water graphic description of slum extended image alliteration alliteration enumeration and repetition of the adjective illegal 6x and adverb watch illegal cable TV illegal factories illegal shops travel illegally illegally 1x WORKSHEET CARICATURE OF SIGHTSEEING TOURISTS 1 Compare the explanations of the licensed guide and Ram s altered version. pp.246 250 The episode in front of the Taj Mahal exposes the gullible Japanese tourists to ridicule. They saved money on the expensive licensed guide and did not discover the mistakes in Ram s lecture. Point out the types of mistakes. Do these mistakes have a comic amusing or grotesque absurd effect Do you detect a gradation in the scale of errors the guide s explanations Shahjahan Arfuman Banu Mumtaz Bahal 1631 Ram s explanations The Taj Mahal was built by Emperor Khurram for his wife Norrjahan also known as Mumtaz Begum in 1531. selling silk and glass beads in a booth He met her while she was selling bangles in a garden five years the girl was 19 years old He married her only after nineteen years inseparable companion on all his journeys and expeditions fourteen children in eighteen years Burhanpur seventh of June She then fought with him in all his battles eighteen kids in fourteen years when the nineteenth child was being born Mumtaz died in Sultanpur on the sixteenth of June emperor four promises erect a monument to match her beauty not marry again be kind to their children visit the tomb on the anniversary of her death his hair is said to have turned grey overnight resthouse mosque main mausoleum actual tomb inside the Taj coffins underground pen box feature of a male ruler 99 names of Allah she asked the king for four favours one to build the Taj Mahal two not to beat their children three to make his hair grey and the fourth ....I don t remember but it s not important Taj Mahal consists of a gateway a garden a guesthouse and a tomb real tombs underground pen with ninety nine gemstones every 3 cm fifty names of God engraved on walls verses mean the same regardless of different lettering CHECK THE PHOTO OF THE TAJ MAHAL dome is 160 metres high the minarets are 17metres tall rectangular base of Taj Mahal is symbolic of the different sides from which to view a woman main gate is like a veil over a woman s face which should be lifted very gently and slowly on the wedding night Tagore described Taj Mahal a teardrop on the cheek of time If you view the Taj Mahal from different angles you will see different veils of a woman on her wedding night Tagore won the Nobel prize for his poetry on the Taj Mahal called The Slap on the Cheek of William Wordsworth 2 What device does Ram use to render his lecture more credible p.249 3 How do the Japanese tourists react How does Ram react to their objections p.249 4 What device does he use to attract foreign customers p.257 5 Explain Ram s statement I took to the Taj Mahal like a pickpocket to a crowded bus. p.255 to take to to become fond of to like 6 What does the dialogue between the licensed guide and the English girl reveal GUIDE ..the Taj Mahal described by Rabindranath Tagore as a teardrop on the cheek of time GIRL Excuse me who is Tagore GUIDE Oh he was a very famous Indian poet who won the Nobel Prize. He can be compared to let s say William Wordsworth.1 GIRL William who GUIDE Never mind. Now as I was saying.... 1 famous English poet 1770 1850 CARICATURE Definition A portrayal in which the subject s distinctive features or peculiarities are deliberately exaggerated to produce a comic or grotesque effect. CARICATURE OF SIGHTSEEING TOURISTS CARICATURE Definition A portrayal in which the subject s distinctive features or peculiarities are deliberately exaggerated to produce a comic or grotesque effect. 1 Compare the explanations of the licensed guide and Ram s altered version. pp.246 250 The episode in front of the Taj Mahal exposes the gullible Japanese tourists to ridicule. They saved money on the expensive licensed guide and did not discover the mistakes in Ram s lecture. Point out the types of mistakes. Do these mistakes have a comic amusing or grotesque absurd effect Do you detect a gradation in the scale of errors some are comic or amusing when he replaces phrases by terms which correspond with his own experience some errors in names or dates reflect his lack of education most of the information is grotesque absurd and easily disproved by looking at the building first incomplete and not quite correct information then more and more serious mistakes misinformation or complete nonsense the guide s explanations Shahjahan Arfuman Banu Mumtaz Bahal 1631 Ram s explanations The Taj Mahal was built by Emperor Khurram for his wife Norrjahan also known as Mumtaz Begum in 1531. minor errors He met her while she was selling bangles in a garden familiar terms He married her only after nineteen years confusing numbers She then fought with him in all his battles confusing names and dates selling silk and glass beads in a booth less familiar terms replaced by more five years the girl was 19 years old absurd effect of inseparable companion on all his journeys and expeditions unlikely explanation fourteen children in eighteen years extremely Burhanpur seventh of June female warrior eighteen kids in fourteen years unlikely fact when the nineteenth child was being born Mumtaz died in Sultanpur on the sixteenth of June facts dates and names wrong completely incorrect information emperor four promises she asked the king for four favours erect a monument to match her beauty one to build the Taj Mahal not marry again two not to beat their children be kind to their children three to make his hair grey visit the tomb on the anniversary of her death and the fourth ....I don t remember but it s not his hair is said to have turned grey overnight important title wrong but similar terms promise favours general purpose of the building replaced by its name being kind to children replaced by not beating children closer to his personal experience hair turning grey confused with dyeing hair incomplete information resthouse mosque main mausoleum actual tomb inside the Taj coffins underground pen box feature of a male ruler 99 names of Allah unfamiliar term replaced wrong information complete nonsense 99 names of Allah impossible to engrave confusing spelling CHECK THE PHOTO OF THE TAJ MAHAL http www.kunstkopie.de kunst sehenswuerdigk eiten taj mahal nah MEV40038.jpg rectangular base of Taj Mahal is symbolic of the different sides from which to view a woman main gate is like a veil over a woman s face which should be lifted very gently and slowly on the wedding night symbolism of veil Tagore described Taj Mahal Taj Mahal consists of a gateway a garden a guesthouse and a tomb real tombs underground pen with ninety nine gemstones every 3 cm fifty names of God engraved on walls verses mean the same regardless of different lettering by more familiar terms or words sounding similar Taj Mahal is a tomb symbol of the ruler confused with writing tool replaced by 99 gemstones impossible to place on a pen 50 names every 3 cm absurd information with lettering print style dome is 160 metres high the minarets are 17metres tall dome is 58 metres high minarets are not as high as the dome but the dome is not 10x higher If you view the Taj Mahal from different angles you will see different veils of a woman on her wedding night confused with facts Tagore won the Nobel prize for his poetry on the Taj Mahal called The Slap on the Cheek of William Wordsworth a teardrop on the cheek of time facts completely wrong prize for poetry not description metaphorical expression cheek of time not therefore replaced by a phrase which seems more understood reasonable to Ram teardrop on cheek replaced by slap on cheek Ram s own experience 2 What device does Ram use to render his lecture more credible p.249 he copies the serious tone of the guide 3 How do the Japanese tourists react How does Ram react to their objections p.249 TOURISTS first feelin Klasse 11 Englisch Sekundarstufe A. Lenhardt Patz Roman Hörverstehen Stilmittel bungen Arbeitsmaterialien Leseverstehen Slumdog Millionaire Salim Vikas Swarup Questions and Answers Arbeitsvorschläge Struktur des Romans Biographien der Protagonisten Ram Mediation Analysematerialien The Food Chain The Beggar Mafia Global Tourism